Iran develops technology to identify cancer-affected lymph nodes

One of the major challenges in treating certain cancers is accurately determining the extent of lymphatic involvement. In many types of cancer, including breast, lung and reproductive system cancers, cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system. Surgeons therefore need to identify the location and extent of lymph node involvement as accurately as possible before deciding on a surgical approach.

If affected lymph nodes are not correctly identified, a more extensive portion of the lymphatic system may need to be removed to ensure that cancerous tissue is eliminated.

Such surgery can lead to various complications and affect lymphatic function and the circulation of bodily fluids. Technologies that enable more precise identification of affected lymph nodes are therefore important for diagnosis and treatment planning.

Researchers at an Iranian knowledge-based company have developed tilmanocept, a radiopharmaceutical designed specifically for lymphatic imaging. Following injection of the radiopharmaceutical and subsequent imaging, clinicians can assess the location of lymph nodes and the extent of their involvement more accurately.

The compound is designed to carry the diagnostic radioisotope technetium while binding to receptors on the surface of target cells. This enables it to help identify the relevant sites during imaging.

By producing the active pharmaceutical ingredient, the company has developed the technical expertise required to manufacture the radiopharmaceutical domestically. Tilmanocept technology had been exclusive to the United States since 2013, and Iran has now become the second country to acquire the technology, according to the information provided. The product has completed preclinical development and entered the clinical study phase.

One of the main reported advantages of domestic production is the potential to reduce the cost of using this technology. According to the information provided, lymphatic mapping with the radiopharmaceutical in Iran could cost approximately one-tenth of the price of comparable procedures on the global market.

Lower costs could improve access to advanced diagnostic technologies for healthcare facilities and patients. The product's competitive pricing could also create opportunities for entry into international markets and the expansion of radiopharmaceutical exports.

Given the role of the lymphatic system in the spread of various cancers, the technology is not limited to a single cancer type. According to the information provided, it could be used in approximately 90% of patients with different types of cancer.

Many radiopharmaceuticals used in medical imaging are designed to detect a specific biological process or cell type. Tilmanocept has attracted attention because it is intended to image cancer spread through the lymphatic system and may be applicable across a broad range of cancers.

The development of this radiopharmaceutical illustrates the application of nanotechnology and molecular engineering in nuclear medicine. In this field, combining a targeted molecule with a radioisotope can provide physicians with information that supports diagnosis and treatment planning.