Iran's Good Potentials to Use P2X Technology

“As the world rapidly moves towards the use of renewable energies, Iran, given its strategic position in the energy and steel industries, can exploit new technologies like Power-to-X to create a major revolution in the field of sustainable energy production and the reduction of environmental pollutants,” Ehsan Ebrahimi, a PhD in business administration and catalyst industry expert.

Noting that this technology is used, specially in the steel industry to convert polluting gases into valuable chemicals, he said, “Projects like Carbon2Chem, which converts gases from steel production into methanol and other chemicals, are examples of successful applications of this technology.”

Ebrahimi stated that Power-to-X (P2X) technology plays a key role in the production of green hydrogen, noting, adding, "This technology uses renewable energy to produce green hydrogen through water electrolysis and, using catalytic processes, can convert hydrogen into gaseous and liquid energy carriers. These carriers are cheaper and easier to transport than pure hydrogen."

Power-to-X are electricity conversion, energy storage, and reconversion pathways from surplus renewable energy.[1][2] Power-to-X conversion technologies allow for the decoupling of power from the electricity sector for use in other sectors (such as transport or chemicals), possibly using power that has been provided by additional investments in generation. The term is widely used in Germany and may have originated there.

The X in the terminology can refer to one of the following: power-to-ammonia, power-to-chemicals, power-to-fuel,[3] power-to-gas (power-to-hydrogen, power-to-methane) power-to-liquid (synthetic fuel), power to food,[4] power-to-heat. Electric vehicle charging, space heating and cooling, and water heating can be shifted in time to match generation, forms of demand response that can be called power-to-mobility and power-to-heat.

Collectively power-to-X schemes which use surplus power fall under the heading of flexibility measures and are particularly useful in energy systems with high shares of renewable generation and/or with strong decarbonization targets.

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