Scientists Develop Low-Cost, Eco-Friendly Propylene Catalyst

This catalyst demonstrates exceptional propylene selectivity and stability, which can reduce costs by 30 to 50 percent, and ensure non-toxic and low-energy consumption during catalyst preparation and use, according to the research team from the Energy and Catalysis Adventure Team at Tianjin University, the journal Science reported.

Propylene is one of the most widely produced chemicals globally and serves as a fundamental raw material in the manufacture of plastics, rubber, fibers, and pharmaceuticals.

In 2023, China's propylene production exceeded 60 million tonnes, accounting for approximately one-third of the global output, with the total value surpassing 600 billion yuan (about 84.1 billion U.S. dollars).

Among the various propylene production technologies, propane dehydrogenation (PDH) is preferred due to its high economic efficiency and reduced dependence on petroleum. However, traditional PDH catalysts rely heavily on expensive platinum or highly toxic chromium oxide, making the process costly and environmentally detrimental.

The team of researchers proposed a scientific hypothesis that utilizes inexpensive and environmentally friendly oxides to interact electronically with metals, thereby enhancing the catalytic process. They developed a titanium oxide-nickel composite catalyst based on this hypothesis.

The scientists fine-tuned the electronic transfer between titanium oxide and nickel, enhancing catalytic activity while suppressing side reactions such as cracking and carbon deposition.

This innovation provides insights into the next generation of efficient, cost-effective and sustainable propylene catalysts, according to the researchers.

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